UV LED and its applications
UV LED was developed in the early XXI century, emitting from AlxGa1-xN chip. Since then, this LED has improved, and commercialized, allowing them to replace the conventional lights in disinfection, polymer curing and skin treatment products. This article mentions 3 bands in UV band and several of their applications.
UV LED package
A UV LED package has the same structure as a white LED one, with die, lens, substrate, n-type and p-type semiconductor chip. However, their output lights are different. UV LED, one emits the short UV wavelength band, and the while LED releases a full range of invisible light with strong blue light and large band of red and yellow wavelength. We can easily find UV light with violet or very deep blue colors.
A UVC LED comes in a dome shape emitting a violet output light
As we can see in the following picture, a sharp peak of a UVA LED package with only one peak at 361nm. The half band FWHM is only 10nm large, a sharp peak showing the monochromatic output light of a monochromatic LED package.
A sharp spectrum of 360nm UV LED produced by Fox Group
UV rays have shorter wavelengths than visible light and longer than X-rays. In UV ban, scientists divided it into 3 regions, UVA, UVB and UVC.
UV-A Wavelength: 315-400 nm. UVA rays have the longest wavelengths and are not absorbed by the ozone layer.
UV-B Wavelength: 280-310 nm. UVB rays are transmitted through the atmosphere, and it is mostly absorbed by the ozone layer, but some do reach the Earth’s surface.
UV-C Wavelength: 100-280 nm. UVC has the shortest wavelengths, and it is completely absorbed by the ozone layer and atmosphere. Short-wavelength UV-C is the most severe and damaging type of UV radiation.
A smart switch installation is done by attached wall
Applications of UV LED packages
There are many interesting and useful applications of UV LEDs. UVC has the shortest wavelength and strongest intensity in UV band, so it can kill bacteria. That’s why UVC LEDs are often used in disinfection equipment in hospitals or experiment rooms to sterilize and disinfect by quickly eliminating many viruses and bacteria. UVC radiation emitted by UV germicidal lamps penetrates the cells of microorganisms making them non-viable and unable to reproduce or infect patients.
The UV-C disinfection desk lamp as we can see in the following picture can effectively inactivate viruses, bacteria, molds and spores in a matter of minutes. This desk lamp can be used in any room when people and pets are absent. By using UVC light, we can no longer use chemicals to disinfect rooms.
While UVA and UVB LEDs have more interesting applications. The long-wavelength UV LED, used in counterfeits inspection, skin treatment, pet control and fruit quality enhancement.
The principle of counterfeits check is easy to understand; if the bill being checked has fluorescence, then it is genuine. The idea behind this is that the paper used in the printing of real currency has a high starch content making it appear dull under UV light. Counterfeiters generally use bond paper that has virtually no starch and is bleached.
It is found that long-wave UV light can be used to attract and trap unwanted insects like flies, moths and mosquitoes. So, people have made lamps use long-wave UV LED to attract and trap insects instead of using chemical spray. This use of UV LED is one of eco-friendly methods in agriculture.
In skin treatments, scientists have found that light emitted from long-wave UV LED can treat a variety of skin conditions. It can be beneficial for treating psoriasis, vitiligo, and even wrinkles.
As you can see, UV LED has so many useful applications, especially in the medical field. Hence, we should not freely use UV LED without professional guide. And please be careful to protect our eyes and skin in UV light space.
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